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Instruments =Types of Instruments=

Guitar
The guitar is normally made with 6 strings, but there are many with 4, 7, 8, 10, or 12 strings. The strings are normally made of nylon or steel. It is mostly used for genres such as country, rock, jazz, or pop. Acoustic Guitars are normaly made of different types of wood. Song are played from various chords and notes by chaning fingering positions on the strings, along the neck of the guitar.

Violin/Fiddle
The violin is one of the main attractions of an orchestra. It is played with notes read from a treble cleff. In order for the sound to come out smoothly, the bow is held near the end handle, which is called the frog, and the hair of the bow is glided across the strings near the bridge. Notes are changed by finger positioning on the fingerboard.

Trumpet
The Trumpet has 3 different valves and can produce up to 12 different notes. The lowest pure tone that can be played on a normal B flat trumpet is middle C, while the F sharp under the middle C is the lowest playable tone.

French Horn
Developed in 1650, the french horn had no valves, but we're tuned by using "hand stopping". The valves were put in during the 19th century. Its purpose was that of comunication, and was played while on the back of a horse. Also called the "Hunting Horn". A single horn has three valves, while a double has 4, an extra valve called the thumb valve. If the horn is uncoiled, is reaches up to 12 feet in length, and is the only brass instument that is played left-handed.

Tuba
[|tuba information] Normally there is only one tuba used in an orchestra. The lowest toned tubas are pitched in C or B flat.

Trombone
[|trumbone resources] The trombone's notes change with a sliding mechanism. As it changes lengths, the notes change as well. Valves for the instrument were created in the 1820s in vienna, in modern days most professional trombonists play with a valve trombone.

Chimes
==== Chimes are a tuned instrument consisting of a set of 12 to 18 metal tubes hung from a metal frame. The metal tubes range from 1 to 2 ½ inches in diameter and from 4 to 6 feet in length. The chimes, or tubular bells, are struck with a mallet and sound like church bells when played. The longer the length of tube that is struck, the lower the pitch that is created. ====

Cymbals-
====Cymbals are a modern percussion instruments. Cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various alloys. Cymbals are used in many ensembles ranging from the orchestra, percussion ensembles, jazz bands, heavy metal bands, and marching groups.====

Castanets
==== Castanets consist of two pieces of hard wood in the shape of a shell that are hinged together. When the wood pieces strike each other, they create an untuned sound that is often associated with Spanish dances. ====

Timpany
**Timpany**, also called kettledrums, were the first drums to be used in the orchestra over 300 years ago. They are constructed of a large copper bowl with a drumhead made of calfskin or plastic stretched across the top. When struck with felt-tipped wooden sticks, or mallets, timpani produce a specific pitch that is determined by the drum's size. That pitch is fine-tuned by tightening the drumhead with keys and foot pedals. Most orchestras use three or four timpani of varying sizes.

Drums
musical instrument consisting of one or two stretched membranes, called heads, held taut across a bowl-shaped, called a shell, and sounded by percussion; that is, by striking the instrument with the hands or with sticks.

Bass
The composer Mozart added the deep, booming, untuned sound of the **bass** **drum** to the orchestra in 1782. Constructed like a snare drum, but without snares, the bass drum is much larger and is played on its side, so that either head may be struck. The beater or mallet for a bass drum is large with a soft material such as sheep's wool covering the end.



[[image:snare.jpg width="534" height="305"]]
====Bongo- Bongo drums or bongos are a Latin-American percussion instrument consisting of a pair of single-headed, open-ended drums attached to each other. The drums are of different size: the larger drum is called in Spanish the hembra (female) and the smaller the macho (male). It is most often played by hand.====

[[image:Bongo_Fibre_Straight.JPG width="326" height="170"]]
The piano is a muscial intrument played by means of a keyboard. Widely for solo performances.According to the Hornbostel-Sachs method of music classification, it is grouped with Chordophones.

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